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http://scientifics.ru/article/192/178/7/ Syntax analyser Scientific literature magazine analyses the idea of the syntax analysis. In informatics, the syntax analysis (the parsing) is a process of analysis of the following of the entering symbols, in order to investigate the grammatical structures correspondingly to the given formal grammar. Syntax analyser or parser is a program, or part of it that does the syntax analysis. During the parsing the starting text is made into a data structure, usually displayed like a structure tree that shows the syntax structure of the entering subsequence which is good for the following treatment. Usually, parsers work in two steps, in the first tokens are given, i.e. lexical analysis is performed, and in the second step a research tree is made. http://cslab.iling.nw.ru/zope/distort86/index_html/synt_parser_submit Syntax analyser. In the computer linguistics sphere today, problems are solved characterised with theoretical and commercial interest. Such are: automatic morphology analysis problem, morphological unequalled or the lemmatising problem, tokenising. Automatic semantics analysis for Russian language. http://www.inteltec.ru/publish/articles/textan/semantic.shtml Electronic publishing “Inteeltek” offers discourse about one of the ways to make syntax analysis of texts with natural language. Theoretical discourse with examples. http://www.ilt.kharkov.ua/bvi/rf/doc/romanenko/rfplus/chp-1117.html The use for the syntax analyser , which is in the CMPPRS module is to change the flow of the lexemes in the apstract program i.e. in the tree of the grammar choice. A discourse of the term syntax analyser with examples of syntax analysis in a russian text. www.verific.com
Verific Design Automation Inc. develops and sells source code (C++) Verilog, SystemVerilog, and VHDL front-ends (parsers, analyzers, elaborators) as well as a generic hierarchical netlist database for EDA applications. http://kit.kulichki.net/tools/lexparse.html Generators of lexic and syntax analysers. Generator of LARL syntax analyser with possibility for automatic repair after eventual syntax mistakes. LISA generater table guided analysers and LL syntax analysers according to regular expressions and BNF. http://www.dictum.ru/ Small innovating firm Dictum Ltd. Works with research in the area of the computer linguistics and makes computer technologies for automatic text treatment in order to organise human/computer communication. Basic analyses: Dictum – system for knowledge production, electronic consultant the program uses the text as a knowledge basis and relays with the user on the theme of the text presented to it. DictaScope – is a syntax analyser of the Russian language. An interface program made specially for use in the learning process of the linguistics and philology departments of the schools. http://www.polsoft.ru/SyntaxAnalysis/Ksdl.html Program used to show a text in an wood-like (root-like) structure. Makes easier the task of syntax choice of text info with complicated structure. Allows making of outside programs that use the given tree, but are not tightly connected with that tree structure. That allows to change the tree structure during the building process without change of the outside program. Use examples for this program are; document processing, made on a template, choice of initialisations files, syntax choice of program texts etc. http://virt.kture.kharkov.ua/2001/book/3_04.pdf Internet course for Lisp language learning. It is supposed to make a Internet course for teaching of functional programming of the students for the specialty "Programming security". They work on structure processing and on making of distance automated course for LISP programming with testing system and COMMON LISP interpreter for making of an Internet course. Method: the Lisp programming language exits the borders of the AI language and is actively used for making of usable programs. http://text.marsu.ru/osp/cw/2000/30/030_0.htm The "NeirOK" company makes system for thesaurus preparing and searching with their help. They made a semantics analyser – or a system for information picking from a bigger data base with the help of different form recognition methods. This system analyses the texts semantics constructions, in order to understand the sense which is coded into the word intercourse. Every word can have more meanings, but accordingly to the context only one is chosen. The semantics analyser core works like this: the system looks over bigger quantity of texts and explains the one-to-another relationship. As a result of it, basic semantics categories are separated, according to which it is possible to differentiate the analysed fragments. Each word becomes a semantics representation, i.e. it is fixed in which categories is present and how much. http://krasikov.esstu.ru/eyas/ Theoretcly nicely workt-out site for analysis of the natural language systems: morphological, syntax, and semantical text analysers. http://www.solarix.ru/for_users/download_them/bulldozer/ morphology_analyzer_config.shtml Theoretically worked out system for morphological analysis: how do you make dictionary, how to work without a dictionary, indexing, searching etc. http://www.medialingua.ru/ The “Media lingva” company, a lider for programming security on the Russian market which realised advanced linguistical, searching, and multimedia technologies. The company has a rich experience in the area of programming products. The company works for ten years, and the employees have even more experience. They all are professional linguists and programmers. The company makes e-dictionaries “MultiLeks” for pocket and desktop computers made on the basis of the licensed dictionary bases of the leading publishers in Russia. Search systems that search documents in english and russian language on a personal computer, a corporative net, and linguistical technologies for peope who develop programming security. The company cooperates with some leading world companies like: Daimler Creisler, Schwarckopf, Ajvon, Ikea, Metro, Samsung, Siemens etc. http://axofiber.org.ru/projects/rm/index.htm Morphologic analyser of the Russian language. Production of models of the Russian word changing by the classical model of Zaliznjak A.A. and a model made by experience by the dissertation of Volkova I.A: "Adaptation and communication system learning with EVM of natural language." Has useful linguistics links. http://newasp.omskreg.ru/intellect/f33.htm Morphologic analyser of the Russian language. Model for displaying of the change of words. The description of the change, or its normal form, given in the dictionary is divided to 4 formal fragments, pseudo-basis, unchangeable graphic subsequence, pseudo-suficses, part of the basis that come along, end. The end, is automatically divided correspondingly to the grammar info, which is contained in the table of ends connected to the given words. http://www.rsdn.ru/article/philosophy/LOP.xml The time of change is here. The new programming paradigm is ahead. It is not yet fully formed, different parts are known under different names, as Intentional Programming, MDA, which produce programming. This is a proposal to unite all these new procedures under a unified name of "language oriented programming". Here are shown the basic pronciples of this new paradigm. http://www.referatfrom.ru/ref/0/0/37535.html About the nature of the processing of the natural language, technology of the analysis of the natural language. http://edfoxrus.narod.ru/help/trns_mdl_unl/trns_mdl_unl.htm#10 About the machine translation, and systems for translations memory. http://www.benevox.ru/index.html BENEVOX – successful and dynamically developing company. Provides services in the area of business globalisation. Basic areas of work are outsourcing and consulting in the sphere of development, localising, and production of technical documentation. Globalisation, translations, DTP services, Web-design, localising and translation of sites, IT-consulting, translation of multimedia materials. The company has the following conditions; high quality specialists, translators, correctors, redaction people, and uses CAT-programs like Transit, Trados, SDLX, Deja Vu, also works with Translation Memory. http://tris.com.ua/articles/article2.php Tris Translation Centre – centre for translation of all european languages, Asian, and some rare languages to Russian and vice versa. Uses system for machine translation with translation memory www.press-release.ru/branches/uslugi/43e89a1c88554/view_print/ Neoptech is one of leading Russian translation companies. The necessity for making language learning programs leaded to making of the first school program dedicated to the work with the systems with Translation Memory. Another programs are 'Typical translation mistakes', 'linguistics support for the realising of large projects', 'project glossary', etc. Today, the company develops programs for students and young specialists, for company representatives, for collaborators of partner companies, and for agencies. http://www.teachpro.ru/course.aspx?idc=15090 Russian TeachPro – professional translating program. A multimedia, interactive, learning course on CD for trainig for work with the program for translations memory Transit XV Professional, Deja Vu X Professional and Catalyst 4.0 Developer Edition. http://www.perevod.info/scheme_sware.html Russian Translation bureau that uses modern technologies in the area of translation. The so called Translation Memory. It allows creating of glossary of corporative technology, and also documents everything. It allows savings when translating huge quantities of similar documents or when publishing new document redactions. Uses this translation memory systems: Star Transit and DejaVu. The Translation Memory increases technical translations effectivity for 20%-30%, time and resources economy is 20%-50% and improves the translation quality. http://www.bizbook.ru/index.php?rubrik_id=38012&book_id=22256 TeachPro. Programs for proffesional translation, multimedia selfteacher. Course for work with this translation programs: Transit, Catalyst, Deja Vu X and PromptGigant. Translation Memory makes the work easy for individuals and for whole agency. They are unavoidable for translating of materials with repeating content. http://www.logrus.ru/?SectionID=225 Automated translations systems. Helps the translators when using a termine glossary during a long project or fast repeated use of ealrier translated text. By its nature, similar tasks are relatively easy to formalise and program, that is why they are widely used. More of those are mede on the basis of translation memory, a simple base of translations in which every unit is independent sentence of paralel languages, generaly of two languages. These are memorised and kept to use them again and to solve queries for fast system search. http://all.photosoft.ru/index.php?dsec=util&sec=perevod&s=1 Language learning. Multi Transe – program that uses free online resources for translation to English, Arabic, Chinese, Duch, German, Italian, Russian, Korean, and Japanese. It can translate up to 6000 symbols. Multi Transe 100% Unicode is capable automatically to decode which font is used and to turn the Unicode text in any ANSI format and vice versa. Across Personal Edition has many functions also translation memory and powerfull system for terminology work. Parley Box v2.7.0 Anglo-Russian dictionary with over 1.500.000 words. www.iikaereba.com/ru/Services_Translation_ru.htm Junco & Constantine's Language Services – translation bureau which works with the TRADOS translation memory. http://www.lucent.ru/about/ Company Alcatel-Lucent is a leader in the area of fixed, mobile, the convergenting and the wide approach. The site has a interesting dictionary from the computing area. www.limbagroup.ru/special.html LIMBA TRANSLATIONS – translations bureau. Specialised for technical literature. Uses system of Translation Memory. http://www.axis-t.ru/about/aboutus/ AXIS Translation offers a wide spectra of translating services. Using of Translation Memory. http://company.yandex.ru/grant/2005/01_Lazursky_102921.pdf Interesting article about interactive solving of lexical and syntax un-similarity in the systems for automatic processing of natural language. Here, a method for interactive solving of non-similarities is described. Something that is been worked on for the last twenty years. http://revolution.allbest.ru/programming/00004671_0.html Catalogue of articles and libraries. Natural language processing. Using new NLP algorithms. http://syntax.ru/ Syntax analyser of sentences and text of Russian language, for processing long sentences of over 200 letters. The syntax analyser chooses sentences and connects the words based on syntax rules, with out knowing about the outer world. The program gives alternatives, and human must guide it. http://about.vslovar.org.ru/ The visual Dictionary program is the first part of the resource group in the semiology information system. For every word there is a terminological distinction that allows to understand the word meaning though certain ways. http://rhymes.amlab.ru/thesaurus/thes_57.htm Ideographic dictionary. http://stra.teg.ru/library/strategics/7/9/0 Natural, or artificial language. http://www.starspb.ru/ This company is a Russian section of the international STAR group, with head office in Ramzen, Swiss. The STAR group is a leader in the area of organisation and development of technologies for translating processes. Uses tools as Alignment a semiautomatic process it the sense of Translation Memory. http://www.socionic.ru/articles/psycholingvist_author.htm A new method for determining authorship based on using information from grammar, and how often the words are being used in the text. A list with 35000 and another with 5000 most offen used Russian words where frequency of showing is more then 1 ipm (instances per million words). The structure of these lists corresponds with the lemmatised form of the British National Corpus. http://www.essex.ac.uk/linguistics/ The Department of Language and Linguistics is a large department offering an exceptionally wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate degree schemes and courses in the areas of Modern Languages, English Language, and Linguistics. http://www.linguistik-online.com/index.html Department of the University in Essex: with collection of resources: Linguistsic online; Korpuslinguistik im Zeitalter der Textdatenbanken - Corpus linguistics in the era of text data banks ; Neue theoretische und methodische Ansätze in der Phraseologieforschung - New Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to Phraseology http://sps.k12.mo.us/khs/linguistics/lnglinks.htm Univ. of Birmingham Languages and Linguistics page Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien (TITUS); Project Runeberg; Project Gutenberg. Old English Texts A Glossarial Data Base of Middle English gives you the grammatical category of the word and text locations. From the University of Michigan. Middle High German Poetry; Jan Strunk's OHG, MHG and Other Older Germanic Dialects Page.; Tree of Germanic languages.;Jan Strunk's Deutsche Sprachgeschichte pages.General Linguistics: Definitions of Linguistic Terms; MIT Linguistics Home page; Yamada linguistics fonts; Yamada language guides; Lexeme-Morpheme Base Morphology; Linguistics links... http://www.tilponline.org/CLP/coursedescriptions/star/Online ONLINE LINGUISTIC RESOURCES AND INFORMATION RETRIEVAL Introduction to online linguistic resources: identification and use of various online. linguistic resources like online thesaurus, online corpora and online ... http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/exploration/ Linguistic Exploration is a mode of investigation in (computational) linguistics involving empirical research on complex, dynamic, multimodal datasets through the combination of traditional field methods with new technologies for storing and analyzing linguistic data. The languages under study may range from the un-described to the well-studied, and the investigator may operate in a village or a laboratory. The focus is the documentary and exploratory mode of research, generating reusable language resources, and developing new techniques for working with continually evolving datasets. http://www.db.dk/DBi/INternet/leksika.htm Materials for teaching at The Royal School of Library and Information Science. Research and publication database (in Danish); Publication and research at The Royal School of Library and Information Science; Internet Guides http://akira.ruc.dk/~glenn/ordboeger-links.html Danish page with online dictionaries, encyclopaedia and translation programs. http://www.putlearningfirst.com/language/research/research.html Speech to text programs for more languages. Linguistic research studies. http://www.putlearningfirst.com/language/index.html#search Language in use. http://search.atomz.com/search/?sp-q=speak+to+text&sp- Speach to text. http://www.nextup.com/?source=google_TextToSpeech NextUp.com sells the best Text to Speech voices available, representing the cutting edge of TTS Voices. Check out the samples to hear just how good your computer can sound. http://www.sitepal.com/tts&source Text-to-Speech and pronunciation for thirty languages: With SitePal's Text-to-Speech (TTS) functionality, you can make your SitePal characters to speak any written text in a natural sounding voice. You can simply type in the script in the text box or upload it as a file (MS Word, PDF, Webpage, emails, etc.). Choose from over 60 different voice "personalities" in any of 14 different languages, including Catalan, Chinese (Mandarin), Dutch, English (US and UK), French (European, Canadian), German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian, European), Spanish (Castilian, Mexican, Argentine, Chilean) and Swedish. http://repositories.cdlib.org/lrc/ The Linguistics Research Centre supports and facilitates research on the phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics of languages, particularly those that differ significantly from English in structure. It publishes a working-paper series, sponsors research colloquia, and hosts longer visits to the campus by international scholars. Founded in 1981, the centre is housed in Stevenson College and fully integrated into the Department of Linguistics. Current research projects include the typology of noun phrases, the syntax and semantics of indefinites, the phonological structure of the lexicon, morphosyntaxic markedness and typology in optimality theory, feature representations in optimality theory, and morphological parsing. http://www.abdn.ac.uk/langling/clr.htm University in Aberdeen, through Centre of linguistic research, points to a lot of useful links: http://www.abdn.ac.uk/langling/resources/index.htm general, historical linguistics, careers, reference, sociolinguistics , language and linguistics in the news, organisations, anthropological linguistics, linguistics journals (www), freeware, forensic linguistics and phonetics, linguistics journals (QML), phonetics, corpora and databases, language & linguistics homepage, Scots language and literature, related departments at Aberdeen, blogs and fun stuff, useful utilities http://www.abdn.ac.uk/langling/resources/corpdata.html Corpora and data-bases. And the following links: http://devoted.to/corpora/ Bookmarks for Corpus-based Linguists, Major English Corpora, Other Recent English Corpora, Spoken Corpora, Diachronic Comparisons, Historical Corpora, 1st language acquisition, Learner/Lingua Franca Corpora, Specialised Corpora, Text Archives & Corpus Distribution Sites, Non-English & Multilingual Corpora, The Web as a Corpus, Parsed Corpora, D-I-Y Corpora , Audio/Visual 'Corpora', Free, web-accessible Corpora http://devoted.to/corpora/ Multilanguage data corpus; archives, libraries, dictionaries, semantic data base, linguistics, lexic. http://www.research.att.com/~ttsweb/tts/demo.php Text-To-Speech, or TTS for short, is computer software that converts text into audible speech. You can try it yourself on our demo page. See our Home page for more information. TTS is separate from speech recognition. You can think of TTS as "talking" and speech recognition as "listening". There is some shared technology, but neither is just the reverse of the other. And the talking/listening analogy is limited too. Neither technology really involves much language understanding. TTS is also distinct from language translation, though voice to voice translation would employ both speech recognition and TTS. Again, translation requires significant understanding of the meaning. http://www.research.att.com/viewProject.cfm?prjID=315 AT&T Labs - Research consists of some of the world's best scientists and engineers, experts in science and technologies of critical importance to AT&T including advanced data networking, network management, wireless systems, software, information mining and management, and speech technology. Our researchers have made groundbreaking advances in technologies such as voice recognition, text-to-speech, network management, wireless systems, security, network architecture, software systems and tools, and information mining, management and visualization. Our research team helps to continually refine one of the world's largest and most productive data repositories thereby improving the communications experience of our customers. Our technical expertise and knowledge of network design and optimization give us an unsurpassed ability to create innovative new network services and enhance AT&T's own operations. We have also advanced the state of the art of speech and VoIP technologies helping to keep AT&T on the cutting edge of new services.
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